Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Waste Using Chemical Vapor Deposition

Nor Adnin Ezani Mohd Ezani (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Mohd Hamzah Harun (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Izzuddin Mohd Zaharuddin (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Norfazlinayati Othman (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Mahathir Mohamed (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Mohd Sofian Alias (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Mohd Faizal Abd Rahman (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Khairil Nor Kamal Umar (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Nurul Huda Mudri (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Khairul Azhar Abdul Halim (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Farah Fadzehah Hilmi (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)
Rida Tajau (Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi)

Journal of Material Science and Radiation
Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): December

Upcycling is an effective approach to reduce plastic waste, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and promote sustainability. Plastic bottles usually were made from PET polymer and a raw material to produce carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). CNMs are synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process and purified to eliminate catalysts and unwanted compounds. Various catalysts were used to investigate the economic and effective in producing the CNMs. Metal catalysts such as ferrocene, cobalt and iron are the important elements in the CVD process as they provide surfaces for carbon to attach. CNMs morphology and graphitic structure were observed from Raman analysis and TEM analysis. The application of upcycling offers the advantage of utilizing low-cost raw materials to produce higher-value products, providing additional benefits.