This study examines the phonological patterns in J. R. R. Tolkien’s poem The Shadow Man and analyzes how these sound structures shape the poem’s rhythm, atmosphere, and interpretive meaning. Grounded in Jakobson’s (1987) concept of the poetic function, which highlights sound repetition and equivalence as central to poetic expression, this research identifies five dominant sound patterns— alliteration, assonance, consonance, repetition, and rhyme—based on theoretical insights from Abrams (1999) and Yule (2017). Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the analysis explores how these patterns operate across the poem’s three stanzas and contribute to its stylistic coherence. The findings show that Tolkien employs patterned sound structures deliberately to intensify mood, guide thematic progression, and unify the poem’s imagery. Alliteration and consonance construct tonal atmosphere, assonance enriches emotional quality, repetition reinforces cohesion, and rhyme establishes musical continuity. The study demonstrates that phonological patterning plays a central role in Tolkien’s poetic style and offers an essential linguistic perspective for interpreting how the poem conveys emotion, symbolism, and narrative movement.
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