Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan
Vol 20 No 2 (2025)

Decomposition of Post-Pandemic Gender Wage Gaps in Indonesia: an Analysis Across the Wage Distribution

Ruslan, Kadir (Unknown)
Sukma, Weni Lidya (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
25 Dec 2025

Abstract

This study examines post-pandemic gender wage gaps in Indonesia using SAKERNAS data from 2018 to 2023. OLS and RIF-OLS regression results indicate that gender wage gaps widened post-pandemic, with female employees earning 30 percent less than their male counterparts on average, narrowing to 23 percent after controlling for wage-related characteristics. The gap is most pronounced among low-paid workers, where women earned 40 to 50 percent less than men. Decomposition analysis across the wage distribution reveals that the majority of the gap is driven by unexplained factors, reinforcing the persistence of the "sticky floor" and "glass ceiling" effects, indicative of on going gender discrimination in the labor market. While factors such as lower work experience, tenure, and working hours contributed to the gap, women's higher educational attainment, increased formal sector participation, access to training, and representation in white-collar jobs helped mitigate it.

Copyrights © 2025






Journal Info

Abbrev

naker

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

Description

Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan (J-naker/The Indonesian Journal of Manpower) adalah publikasi ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan. J-naker bekerjasama dengan beberapa asosiasi fungsional dan profesi di bidang ketenagakerjaan dalam rangka mengembangkan ...