Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March

Development of an Arduino- and Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Early Warning Bell System for Bullying Against Autistic Children

Nugraheni, Berliana Septi Dwi (Unknown)
Wijiastuti, Asri (Unknown)
Pamuji, Pamuji (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Jan 2026

Abstract

Bullying in educational settings remains a critical issue, particularly for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) who often struggle with verbal communication and social cues. This research addresses the lack of affordable and non-invasive early warning systems designed specifically for the sensory needs of autistic children. The primary objective was to develop and test an Arduino- and Internet of Things (IoT)-based early warning bell system to empower ASD students to report bullying incidents in real time. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop), the system was tested by 50 stakeholders, including special education teachers and experts. Results indicate a high level of system effectiveness, with a 94% rapid warning response rate and a 90% increase in students' perceived sense of safety. Statistical analysis yielded a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.948, confirming high reliability. This study concludes that integrating simple IoT push-button technology with Telegram notifications provides a feasible, low-cost solution for inclusive schools. It shifts the safety paradigm from passive monitoring to active student empowerment, offering a sustainable protection strategy for vulnerable learners.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

misro

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences

Description

The Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion (MISRO) is a peer-reviewed scholarly online journal. The MISRO is published in March, July, and November three times a year. The MISRO is a non-profit journal whose publication is free of charge. The articles should be original, ...