<![CDATA[Indonesia's neonatal mortality rate stands at 12 deaths per 1,000 live births, driven by prematurity, asphyxia, and congenital anomalies. Inconsistent Essential Newborn Care (EENC) implementation fuels preventable first-24-hour deaths. This study aims to assess EENC knowledge and practices among Indonesian health professionals. A cross-sectional survey of 132 experienced providers (>3 years in delivery/perinatology) from hospitals, community health centers, and independent midwifery practices used a validated questionnaire via Google Forms. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests identified associations (P<0.05). Overall, 66.4% showed poor EENC knowledge. Strengths included breastfeeding cues (99.2% correct attachment; 93.9% rooting), but deficits marked contraindications (34.8% for maternal hemorrhage >1,000 ml; 49.2% post-birth wheezing). Practices excelled in basics (93.2% recognized hypothermia/cord/skin-to-skin/breastfeeding/infection prevention; 90.2% upright positioning) yet faltered in sequencing: only 15.9% prioritized birth time announcement then thorough drying, 50.8% suctioned airways immediately, and 48.5% endorsed supine second-stage positioning. Workplace significantly affected knowledge (χ²=9.467, P=0.009): hospitals were the worst (79.1% poor), and independent midwifery practices were the best (33.3%). Age, education, experience, and training showed no association. Procedural sequencing and contraindication gaps stem from heavy workloads and patchy training. Skills-focused programs with supervision and supportive settings are essential to boost competency and decrease deaths. Observational studies should capture real behaviors and assess training/policy impacts on newborn outcomes.]]>
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