JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH
Vol 9, No 1 (2026): February 2026

REVIEW KERAGAMAN DAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS PROTISTA PADA PERAIRAN SALIN DAN HIPERSALIN BERDASARKAN FAKTOR SALINITAS DAN PH

Adinugraha, Fajar (Unknown)
Nasution, Rizki Amelia (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Feb 2026

Abstract

Abstract: Saline and hypersaline waters are extreme ecosystems with high environmental stress that affect the survival of aquatic organisms, including protists as key components of the food web. This article aims to review and synthesize the influence of major environmental factors, particularly salinity and pH, on protist diversity and community structure. This study employed a narrative review method on ten selected scientific articles published between 2003 and 2025, covering studies in various habitats such as estuaries, salt ponds, saline lakes, and mangrove sediments. The review results indicate that salinity acts as a primary environmental filter; increased salinity generally correlates with a decrease in species richness but promotes the dominance of specialized halophilic taxa. Furthermore, extreme pH has been shown to limit physiological processes and protist growth. The application of modern molecular methods, such as environmental DNA (eDNA) and metabarcoding, has successfully revealed cryptic diversity of benthic and heterotrophic protists that are difficult to detect through conventional morphological methods. This study concludes that the interaction between physicochemical parameters and habitat characteristics strongly determines the dynamics and composition of protist communities in extreme aquatic environments. Keywords: Protists, Salinity, pH, Hypersaline waters, Diversity, eDNA.. Abstrak: Perairan salin dan hipersalin merupakan ekosistem ekstrem dengan tekanan lingkungan tinggi yang memengaruhi kelangsungan hidup organisme akuatik, termasuk protista sebagai komponen kunci dalam rantai makanan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau dan menyintesis pengaruh faktor lingkungan utama, khususnya salinitas dan pH, terhadap keragaman serta struktur komunitas protista. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode narrative review terhadap sepuluh artikel ilmiah terpilih yang dipublikasikan dalam rentang tahun 2003–2025, mencakup studi di berbagai habitat seperti estuari, tambak garam, danau asin, dan sedimen mangrove. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa salinitas bertindak sebagai filter lingkungan utama; peningkatan salinitas umumnya berkorelasi dengan penurunan kekayaan spesies namun meningkatkan dominasi taksa halofilik yang terspesialisasi. Selain itu, pH ekstrem terbukti membatasi proses fisiologis dan pertumbuhan protista. Penerapan metode molekuler modern, seperti environmental DNA (eDNA) dan metabarcoding, berhasil mengungkap keragaman tersembunyi (cryptic diversity) dari kelompok protista bentik dan heterotrof yang sulit dideteksi melalui metode morfologi konvensional. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa interaksi antara parameter fisik-kimia dan karakteristik habitat sangat menentukan dinamika dan komposisi komunitas protista di lingkungan perairan ekstrem. Kata kunci: Protista, Salinitas, pH, Perairan Hipersalin, Keanekaragaman, eDNA.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JSSR

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

Description

Journal of Science and Social Research is accepts research works from academicians in their respective expertise of studies. Journal of Science and Social Research is platform to disclose the research abilities and promote quality and excellence of young researchers and experienced thoughts towards ...