Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)

Enhancing Science and Social Studies Learning Outcomes Through the Picture and Picture Cooperative Learning Model: A Classroom Action Research in Indonesian Elementary Education

Mengkido, Kurniawati (Unknown)
Nashrullah, Nashrullah (Unknown)
Muslim AR, Muslim AR (Unknown)
Rahman, Abdul (Unknown)
Wahyuni, Sri (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
14 Feb 2026

Abstract

Elementary students in IPAS (Integrated Science and Social Studies) often struggle with abstract concepts requiring visual representation and collaborative reasoning. The Picture and Picture cooperative learning model offers a pedagogical approach integrating visual scaffolding with structured group activities. This study examined the effectiveness of the Picture and Picture model in improving Grade V students' learning activities and outcomes in IPAS instruction at SD GKST Talabosa, Indonesia. A two-cycle Classroom Action Research design was employed with 12 fifth-grade students during the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through achievement tests, structured observations of teacher and student activities, and field notes. Analysis combined quantitative measures of mastery levels with qualitative examination of instructional processes. Student engagement increased from adequate (69.23%-72.30%) in Cycle I to very good (81.53%-86.15%) in Cycle II. Teacher performance improved from good (68.42%-75.00%) to very good (76.00%-85.33%). Classical mastery advanced dramatically from 25% at baseline to 66.66% in Cycle I and 100% in Cycle II. Lower-achieving students demonstrated the greatest gains. The Picture and Picture model effectively enhances IPAS learning by combining dual-coding theory, constructivist principles, and social interdependence. The model provides an accessible, low-cost strategy particularly effective in resource-constrained settings, supporting both cognitive development and collaborative competence in elementary science education.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jirpe

Publisher

Subject

Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other

Description

Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education (JIRPE) is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that publishes original research and review articles primarily but limited to the area of elementary school education. It brings together academics and researchers from different countries who ...