<![CDATA[This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of grab start and track start techniques in swimming through a systematic literature review. Eight national and international articles indexed in Sinta were analyzed using content analysis. The review focused on biomechanical and kinematic parameters, including block time, take-off angle, flight distance, and entry velocity. Results indicate that the grab start generally provides advantages in flight distance and entry velocity, while the track start tends to reduce block time more effectively. However, no single technique was found to be universally superior, as performance outcomes are influenced by individual factors such as leg strength, reaction speed, and experience level. These findings emphasize that the selection of start techniques should be adjusted to each swimmer’s physical and technical characteristics. The study contributes to the understanding of biomechanical aspects of swimming starts and provides practical insights for coaches in optimizing start training through individualized approaches.]]>
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