Antibacterial Activity Test Of Extract And Fraction Of N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate And Water Of Pineapple Peel (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.) Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis ATCC 12228 Bacteria

Nadia Nurul Wachida
Tatiana Siska Wardani
Rahmat Hidayat

International Journal of Health, Engineering and Technology
Vol. 4 No. 6 (2026): IJHET MARCH 2026

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a bacteria that causes mild skin infections accompanied by abscesses, with a high  prevalence in Indonesia, requiring natural alternatives due to antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluated antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract and n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water fractions of pineapple peel (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) against S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 and to determined MIC/MBC of the most active fraction. This quantitative and experimental study used the disk diffusion and liquid/solid dilution. methods. Population: pineapple peels from Blitar, East Java; sample: 700 g Simplicia powder. The nstruments included rotary evaporator, incubator, autoklaf, laminar air flow; data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis (SPSS 25). Results showed that extract produced inhibition zones ranging from 5.63–11.43 mm, ethyl acetate fraction 3.80–7.55 mm, water 2.35–6.88 mm, n-hexane was inactive. The MIC and MBC values of the extract were 25%; ethyl acetate fraction MIC and MBC were 50%. Extract, ethyl acetate, and water fractions exhibited antibacterial activity aginst S. epidermidis, with extract being the most effective.