JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika)
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Article in Press

Proses Berpikir Matematis Siswa Diskalkulia dalam Mengonstruksi Pengetahuan melalui Permainan Congklak

Rahmadani, Wullan (Unknown)
Kamid (Unknown)
Anwar, Khairul (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
12 Mar 2026

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi keterampilan proses berpikir matematis siswa sekolah dasar melalui aktivitas permainan tradisional congklak. Fokus utama penelitian adalah menganalisis bagaimana anak membangun dan menyesuaikan skema kognitifnya saat terlibat dalam permainan, berdasarkan teori perkembangan kognitif Piaget. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua siswa kelas 4 SD, yaitu Subjek 1 (S1) yang belum pernah bermain congklak sebelumnya dan Subjek 2 (S2) yang sudah memiliki pengalaman bermain. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi langsung, wawancara semi-terstruktur, dan analisis dokumen berupa lembar kerja siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa S1 mengalami proses asimilasi secara bertahap—dimulai dari kebingungan awal, lalu membentuk pemahaman melalui pengamatan, perhitungan manual, hingga refleksi terhadap strategi yang digunakan. Sebaliknya, S2 mengalami hambatan dalam mengembangkan keterampilan proses seperti mengamati, mengklasifikasi, menghitung, membuat prediksi, dan mengomunikasikan hasil. Meskipun S2 telah memiliki pengalaman bermain sebelumnya, ia tidak menunjukkan kemampuan yang berkembang secara signifikan, baik dalam proses asimilasi maupun akomodasi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pengalaman bermain sebelumnya belum tentu berkontribusi pada pengembangan keterampilan berpikir matematis apabila tidak disertai dengan pendampingan kognitif yang memadai. Secara umum, hasil penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa permainan congklak dapat menjadi media edukatif yang efektif dalam menstimulasi proses berpikir matematis anak, asalkan didukung oleh strategi pembelajaran yang terarah dan adaptif terhadap kondisi kognitif masing-masing siswa.   This study aims to explore the process of assimilation and accommodation in the mathematical thinking skills of elementary school children through traditional congklak game activities. The main focus of the research is to analyze how children construct and adjust their cognitive schemas while playing, based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The research subjects consisted of two 4th-grade elementary school students: Subject 1 (S1), who had never played congklak before, and Subject 2 (S2), who had experience with the game. This study uses a qualitative approach with direct observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis of student worksheets. The results of the study show that S1 undergoes a gradual assimilation process—starting from initial confusion, then forming understanding through observation, manual calculations, and reflection on the strategies used. In contrast, S2 experiences obstacles in developing process skills such as observing, classifying, calculating, making predictions, and communicating results. Although S2 has prior playing experience, he has not shown significant development in either assimilation or accommodation. This indicates that prior playing experience does not necessarily contribute to the development of mathematical thinking skills without adequate cognitive support. In general, the results of this study confirm that the game of congklak can be an effective educational medium for stimulating children's mathematical thinking, provided it is supported by a directed learning strategy that is adaptive to each student's cognitive level.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JIPM

Publisher

Subject

Education

Description

JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika) is a semiannual journal, published on March and September. JIPM published by Universitas PGRI Madiun. JIPM provides a forum for lecturers, academicians, researchers, practitioners, and students to deliver and share knowledge in the form of empirical and ...