Hubungan Indeks Masa Tubuh Prahamil Dengan Berat Badan Bayi Baru Lahir Di PMB Wita Purnama Ciparay Periode Januari-Desember Tahun 2024: The Relationship Between Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Newborn Weight at the Wita Purnama Ciparay PMB in the January-December 2024 Period

Zahrah Syauqina, Salvia
Solihati Rayuna, Metha
Yuli Andini, Hanny

Jurnal Ilmiah JKA (Jurnal Kesehatan Aeromedika)
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah JKA (Jurnal Kesehatan Aeromedika)

Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) prahamil memiliki peran penting terhadap luaran neonatal, khususnya berat badan bayi saat lahir. IMT rendah pada ibu hamil berhubungan dengan meningkatnya risiko bayi lahir dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), yang dapat berdampak pada tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal. Sebaliknya, IMT yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan makrosomia, sehingga meningkatkan risiko komplikasi persalinan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara IMT prahamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir di PMB Wita Purnama, Ciparay. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 50 orang ibu hamil yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data IMT prahamil diperoleh dari rekam medis antenatal care, sedangkan data berat badan bayi diperoleh segera setelah persalinan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat untuk melihat distribusi variabel, serta bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square untukmengetahuihubungan antara IMT denganberat badanbayibarulahir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 13 ibu (26%) memiliki IMT kurang, 26 ibu (52%) memiliki IMT normal, dan 11 ibu (22%) mengalami kelebihan berat badan. Sementara itu, 8 bayi (16%) lahir dengan BBLR, sedangkan 42 bayi (84%) lahir dengan berat badan normal. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara IMT prahamil dengan berat badan bayi baru lahir (p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya, IMT prahamil berhubungan erat dengan berat badan bayi yang dilahirkan. Oleh karena itu, pemantauan dan pengelolaan status gizi ibu selama kehamilan sangat penting dilakukan untuk mencegah kelahiran bayi dengan BBLR maupun makrosomia, serta mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin secara optimal Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) plays an important role in neonatal outcomes, particularly birth weight. Low BMI in pregnant women is associated with an increased risk of low birth weight (LBW), which can lead to high neonatal morbidity and mortality. Conversely, excessive BMI can cause macrosomia, thereby increasing the risk of complications during delivery. This study was conducted to analyse the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn weight at PMB Wita Purnama, Ciparay. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 50 pregnant women selected using purposive sampling. Pre-pregnancy BMI data were obtained from antenatal care medical records, while newborn weight data were obtained immediately after delivery. Data analysis was performed univariately to examine the distribution of variables and bivariately using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between BMI and newborn weight. The results showed that 13 mothers (26%) had low BMI, 26 mothers (52%) had normal BMI, and 11 mothers (22%) were overweight. Meanwhile, 8 babies (16%) were born with LBW, while 42 babies (84%) were born with normal weight. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn weight (p < 0.05). In conclusion, pre-pregnancy BMI is closely related to the weight of the newborn. Therefore, monitoring and managing the nutritional status of mothers during pregnancy is very important to prevent the birth of babies with LBW or macrosomia, as well as to support optimal foetal growth and development.