INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Vol. 2 No. 10 (2025): JULY

DIGITAL CURRENCIES AND INFORMAL ECONOMIES: ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL INCLUSION POTENTIAL OF CBDCs IN EMERGING MARKETS

Loso Judijanto (IPOSS Jakarta, Indonesia)
Ajeng Faizah Nijma Ilma (IESP, FEB, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia)
Farikhul Muafiq (ITSNU Pekalongan, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
19 Jul 2025

Abstract

This research aims to explore the potential of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) to increase financial inclusion in emerging markets, particularly in the context of the informal economy, which still dominates economic activity in many regions. Through a comprehensive literature review of previous studies, policy reports, and international regulatory documents, this research analyzes how the design and implementation of CBDCs can bridge the financial access gap faced by marginalized groups and workers in the informal sector. The study finds that CBDCs have significant potential to provide cheaper, safer, and more accessible payment systems, as well as increase trust in the formal financial system. However, these benefits are highly dependent on factors such as technical design, public trust, digital infrastructure, and privacy protection policies. This research recommends that the development of CBDCs in developing countries seriously consider the local socio-economic context and foster close collaboration between governments, the private sector, and local communities to ensure inclusive and sustainable adoption.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

INJOLE

Publisher

Subject

Description

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE) is a scientific journal that publishes articles in the Business field includes conceptual ideas in the fields of Economics, Accounting, Management, business. The scopes are Human Resource Management, Marketing Management, Financial Management, ...