<![CDATA[The purpose of this study is to determine the legal basis of judges’ considerations in identifying formal defects of error in persona in Islamic economic disputes, as reflected in Decision Number 393/Pdt.G/2023/MS.Bna and Decision Number 2275/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Plg, as well as to analyze the factors contributing to judicial disparities in determining such defects based on these two decisions. This research employs a normative/dogmatic legal method using the statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach, aimed at examining statutory regulations, Civil Procedure Law, and relevant legal literature. The findings indicate that in examining and determining the formal defect of error in persona, particularly in the form of a misdirected or improperly addressed claim in an Islamic economic case, the panel of judges in Decision Number 393/Pdt.G/2023/MS.Bna upheld the defendant’s error in persona exception, resulting in the plaintiff’s claim being declared inadmissible. Furthermore, the factors contributing to judicial disparities in determining the error in persona exception, based on the two decisions, include the substance of the defendant’s exception and whether it is substantiated and legally grounded, the judges’ interpretative discretion, and differences in the legal bases applied by the judges]]>
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