Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neurodegeneration and decreased neurogenesis due to neuroinflammation and free radical accumulation. Nestin is an intermediate filament protein that serves as a primary marker for neural progenitor cells in the neurogenesis process. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJ-MSCs) administration on Nestin gene expression in an Alzheimer's rat model. This experimental study with a posttest-only control group design utilized male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW orally for 5 days to model Alzheimer's pathology. A dose of 1×106 WJ-MSCs was injected intraperitoneally in the treatment group. One month post-therapy, Nestin gene expression from brain tissue was analyzed using quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and statistically tested with One-Way ANOVA. The results showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05), with a significant increase in Nestin gene expression in the WJ-MSCs treated group compared to the positive control group. It is concluded that the administration of WJ-MSCs effectively increases Nestin gene expression, indicating an improvement in the regeneration and neurogenesis processes in the brain tissue of Alzheimer's rat models.
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