Evaluasi Toleransi Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal pada Lahan Masam Kahat Fosfor

Tintin Suhartini (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor 16111 Telp. [phone] Faks. [phone])
Dwinita W. Utami (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor 16111 Telp. [phone] Faks. [phone])
Ida Hanarida (Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor 16111 Telp. [phone] Faks. [phone])

Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Vol 19, No 1 (2013): June

Phosporus (P) deficiency is one oflimiting factor for rice growth. In Indonesia P deficiency muchoccurs in acid soils. The use of P deficiency tolerant varietiesis the best solution compared to the application of P fertilizerdue to more efficient in cost. The purpose of this study was toevaluate the local rice germplasm collected from severalregions in Indonesia to P deficiency in acid soil. The study wasconducted in Jasinga West Java during wet season of 2006-2007 with the soil condition lack of P. The experiments wereconducted with the two treatments: first, without P fertilizerand second with P fertilizer equivalent of 25 kg P/ha. The total100 accessions of rice germplasm were screened in this fieldbased on a randomized block design with three replications.Fertilizing were given on experiments I and II with thecomposition: urea 300 kg/ha and 100 kg KCl. The field designwas done by plotting size is 1 x 5 m2, spacing plant of 25 cm x25 cm, and planting two seeds per hole. The yield componentscharacters which were observed: number of tillers, plant dryweight, plant height and flowering. The results of combinedanalysis showed that there is a significant interaction betweenP and genotype on the tiller number, whereas the dry weight ofplant, plant height, and flowering were is not significant. Theevaluation of 100 local rice genotypes to P deficiency byindicators of the tiller number and dry weight of plantsobtained 19 genotypes that are tolerant to P deficiency with therelative value of tillers number and dry weight of plants morethan 80%. Local varieties Mandalet, Ganefo, Padi Belanda,Pulut Jangan, Padi Ubek Bala, and Padi Krayan were the mosttolerant to conditions without P which showed the tillersnumber more 1-21% rather than the conditions with Pfertilizer. There are three selected genotypes, Pulut Jangan,Padi Ubek Bala, and Padi Krayan which increased the numberof tillers and dry weight of plants in without P conditions. Theincreasing of tillers number were reach 1-17% while the dryweight increased 12-41%.