ACADEMIA: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)

DETERMINANTS OF ANEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT SMA NEGERI 3 BENGKULU: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Yana, Risda (Unknown)
Zuraida, Reni (Unknown)
Susanti, Susanti (Unknown)
Anggraini, Dian Isti (Unknown)
Wuryaningsih, Wuryaningsih (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 May 2026

Abstract

Anemia among adolescent girls remains a public health challenge that has not been fully resolved, particularly because this condition has wide-ranging impacts on various aspects of adolescents’ lives from impaired growth and development, decreased concentration during learning, reduced daily productivity, to an increased risk of reproductive system disorders. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of anemia among female students at SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu City. The study was designed using an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 131 tenth-grade students aged 15 to 17 years were selected as participants through simple random sampling. Hemoglobin levels were directly measured using a rapid-test–based Hb meter. The variables examined included nutritional status, chronic energy deficiency, duration of menstruation, adequacy of nutrient intake, level of compliance in consuming iron supplement tablets, and the extent of peer support received. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and the backward Wald method of multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis. The study found that one in four respondents (25.2%) was confirmed to have anemia. Through multivariate modeling, it was revealed that four factors significantly influenced the occurrence of anemia nutritional status, duration of menstruation, adequacy of protein intake, and the presence of social support from peers with nutritional status emerging as the strongest predictor. Therefore, anemia prevention interventions should prioritize comprehensive improvement of nutritional status, increased consumption of adequate protein, monitoring of menstrual patterns and duration, as well as empowerment of peer networks as health support agents within the school environment. ABSTRAK Anemia pada remaja putri masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan masyarakat yang belum sepenuhnya teratasi, terutama karena kondisi ini berdampak luas pada berbagai aspek kehidupan remaja, mulai dari terhambatnya tumbuh kembang, menurunnya daya konsentrasi saat belajar, berkurangnya produktivitas harian, hingga timbulnya risiko gangguan pada sistem reproduksi. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menentukan kejadian anemia di kalangan siswi SMA Negeri 3 Kota Bengkulu. Studi dirancang menggunakan metode observasional analitik berpendekatan potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sebanyak 131 siswi kelas X dengan rentang usia 15 hingga 17 tahun dipilih sebagai partisipan melalui teknik pengambilan sampel acak sederhana. Kadar hemoglobin diukur secara langsung menggunakan alat Hb meter berbasis rapid test. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi status gizi, kondisi kekurangan energi kronik, lama hari menstruasi, kecukupan asupan zat gizi, tingkat kepatuhan dalam mengonsumsi suplemen tablet tambah darah, serta sejauh mana dukungan yang diperoleh dari teman sebaya. Pengolahan data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik berganda metode backward Wald untuk analisis multivariat. Studi ini menemukan bahwa satu dari empat responden (25,2%) terkonfirmasi mengalami anemia. Melalui pemodelan multivariat, terungkap bahwa empat faktor secara bermakna memengaruhi kejadian anemia, yakni status gizi, lama menstruasi, kecukupan asupan protein, dan keberadaan dukungan sosial dari teman sebaya, dengan status gizi menempati posisi sebagai prediktor paling kuat. Dengan demikian, intervensi pencegahan anemia hendaknya diprioritaskan pada perbaikan status gizi secara menyeluruh, peningkatan konsumsi protein yang memadai, pemantauan pola dan durasi siklus menstruasi, serta pemberdayaan jaringan teman sebaya sebagai agen dukungan kesehatan di lingkungan sekolah.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

academia

Publisher

Subject

Education Other

Description

ACADEMIA: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik contains writings/articles on the results of thoughts and research results written by teachers, lecturers, experts, scientists, practitioners, and reviewers in all disciplines related to Academic ...