Science, Religion, and Religious Moderation in Al-Ghazali’s Thought

Journal of Islamic Thought and Philosophy
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): March

This study examines the relationship between science and religion in the thought construction of Imam Al-Ghazali. The dualism of knowledge and spiritual crisis in the disruption era often trigger pseudo conflicts between rationality and faith, implying the fragility of religious moderation. Through a qualitative library research method, this study analyzes Al-Ghazali main works to reconstruct his integrative epistemology. The findings confirm that Al-Ghazali rejected the dichotomy of science by harmonizing the functions of reason, revelation, and intuition within a complete hierarchy of knowledge. This concept is highly relevant as a philosophical foundation for strengthening religious moderation in Indonesia. This integration paradigm proves effective in forming an inclusive, adaptive, and rational religious character without losing spiritual essence, thus becoming a strategic solution in dampening radicalism and secularism in modern society.