<![CDATA[This study aims to design and develop an audio-based vocal learning medium in the slendro tuning system for visually impaired elementary school students in the form of the Eduvocal “Nderes” e-book. The development of this medium was motivated by the limited availability of accessible karawitan learning media for visually impaired learners, particularly in traditional Javanese vocal instruction. The product was designed by considering auditory learning needs through tiered vocal materials, audio instructions, repetitive exercises (nderes), and compatibility with screen-reader technology. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Borg and Gall development model, which includes stages of needs analysis, product design, expert validation, product revision, and limited product trials. The needs analysis was conducted through questionnaires distributed to 16 respondents consisting of visually impaired individuals, parents, teachers, karawitan practitioners, and peers. Product validation involved media experts, karawitan experts, and special education experts specializing in visual impairment. The validation results showed a feasibility score of 93.21%, categorized as highly feasible. Furthermore, limited product trials involving six respondents obtained a score of 86.3%, categorized as very good. The findings indicate that the Eduvocal “Nderes” e-book prototype is appropriate for use as an accessible vocal learning medium for visually impaired students at the elementary school level. This study contributes to the development of inclusive digital learning media while supporting the preservation of traditional Javanese musical culture for learners with visual impairments.]]>
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