<![CDATA[Seed physiological quality plays an important role in determining the success of germination and early plant growth. One of the physical treatment methods with the potential to improve seed quality is the application of electromagnetic waves in the form of microwave treatment, which can influence seed physiological activities during the germination process. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different microwave exposure durations on the viability and vigor of sweet corn seeds and to determine the treatment duration that produces the optimum physiological response. The experiment was arranged using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor and three replications. The treatments consisted of five microwave exposure durations: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 seconds. The observed parameters included germination percentage (GP), vigor index (VI), and germination rate (GR). The results showed that microwave exposure duration affected the physiological response of sweet corn seeds. A 10-second exposure duration produced the highest values for germination percentage (77.33%), vigor index (28.00%), and germination rate (14.36%/etmal). In contrast, extending the exposure duration to 20 seconds resulted in a decline in all observed parameters. These findings indicate that seed responses to microwave treatment followed an optimum pattern at a specific exposure level. The application of microwave treatment with an appropriate exposure duration has the potential to improve seed physiological quality, whereas excessive exposure may reduce seed viability and vigor.]]>
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