Indonesian Journal of Research and Educational Review (IJRER)
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2026): June - September

Religious Education and Digital Ethics Awareness Against Doxing: A Quantitative Study of University Students in Indonesia

Fadli Firdaus (Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Batam)
Mia Syafrina (Department of Business Management, Politeknik Negeri Batam)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

Doxing the non-consensual public disclosure of personal information constitutes a growing threat to digital privacy among university students in Indonesia. This study examines the influence of compulsory Religious Education learning on students' digital ethics awareness in the context of doxing. A cross-sectional descriptive-correlational survey design was employed. Using purposive sampling and Slovin's formula (e = 5%), 94 participants were recruited from a population of 123 students who had completed Religious Education at Politeknik Negeri Batam, Indonesia. Data were collected via a validated 36-item Likert-scale questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.912 and 0.897). Analysis incorporated descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality testing, ANOVA linearity testing, Spearman rank correlation, and simple linear regression. Most students demonstrated high Religious Education internalization (98.9%) and high digital ethics awareness (95.7%). Spearman correlation indicated a very strong positive association (rₛ = 0.833, p < .001). Simple regression confirmed that Religious Education explained 71.6% of the variance in digital ethics awareness (R² = 0.716; F = 231.90; p < .001; Cohen's f² = 2.52), with a regression coefficient of b = 0.956 (95% CI [0.832, 1.081]). Religious Education serves as a substantively effective instrument of digital character formation. The theological grounding of Islamic ethical values — particularly hifzh al-'irdh (safeguarding dignity) — appears to confer moral robustness beyond that of rule-based or literacy-oriented approaches. Implications for curriculum design, institutional policy, and interdisciplinary research on digital ethics education are discussed.

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