Design and Validation of Multimodal Project-Based Learning Syntax for Prospective Physics Teachers

Gunawan Gunawan ((SCOPUS ID: 57205026913) Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, Universitas Mataram)
Ahmad Harjono (University of Mataram)
Muhammad Zuhdi (University of Mataram)
Jannatin Ardhuha (University of Mataram)
Nina Nisrina (University of Mataram)
Windy Zaerani (University of Mataram)
Shelliana Iqlima (University of Mataram)

Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Teknologi
Vol 12 No 1 (2026): January-June

Physics education in the digital era demands pre-service teachers to be proficient in packaging abstract concepts into cognitive-friendly, multimodal digital media. However, conventional Project-Based Learning (PjBL) models frequently remain final product-oriented, lacking explicit guidance on content representation. This study aims to describe the conceptual design process of the Multimodal-PjBL syntax for pre-service physics teachers and to evaluate its theoretical feasibility. The research adopted a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which was limited to the first three phases up to expert validation. Data were collected utilizing a 5-point Likert scale expert validation instrument evaluating content accuracy, structural construct, readability (language), and technical presentation of the Model Book, instructional kits, and supporting research instruments. The research subjects involved four expert validators (two content specialists and two media specialists). Quantitative data were analyzed using a five-point mean score conversion interval, while qualitative data were processed interactively through data reduction and a revision tracking matrix. The results revealed that the structural modification of the PjBL syntax was successfully and logically integrated with multimodal aspects across all instructional stages. Quantitatively, all developed documents achieved a "Highly Valid" predicate, with mean scores consistently ranging from 4.50 ≤ M ≤ 5.00. Notably, the digital product assessment instrument and the textbook achieved a perfect score of 5.00. Qualitatively, the initial draft was refined based on expert feedback through high-resolution vector graphic enhancements, the elimination of double-barreled statements, and the formulation of operational descriptors to minimize inter-rater bias. In conclusion, the Multimodal-PjBL syntax is proven to satisfy rigorous content and construct validity principles, making it highly feasible as an instructional foundation for digital science media production courses.