Educazione: Journal of Education and Learning
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)

Moving from Access to Meaningful Participation through Outdoor Classroom Practices in Inclusive Early Childhood Education

Agung Prasetyo (Universitas PGRI Semarang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

Inclusive early childhood education should not stop at institutional access, as children with special educational needs also require learning environments that enable meaningful participation in daily classroom life. This study aims to synthesize illustrative access-oriented statistical evidence and classroom-based pedagogical evidence on outdoor learning practices in inclusive early childhood education. Using a descriptive-integrative approach based on secondary data and document-based synthesis, this study examined two complementary forms of evidence: statistical data on the distribution of early childhood students with special educational needs across different types of educational centers and pedagogical evidence on outdoor classroom practices in an inclusive early childhood setting. The illustrative statistical evidence from the 2013/2014 dataset shows that public centers recorded the highest proportion of early childhood students with special educational needs at 1.1%, followed by charter education at 0.6% and private non-subsidized education at 0.2%. Meanwhile, the classroom-based evidence indicates that outdoor classroom practices can support inclusion through natural learning media, fun and play-based learning, and daily cognitive-behavioral assessment. The synthesis suggests that inclusive early childhood education should move from administrative inclusion toward participatory inclusion, where access is translated into adaptive outdoor pedagogy, child-centered assessment, teacher readiness, and responsive learning environments. This study contributes to inclusive education discourse by showing that access data need to be interpreted together with classroom-level practices to understand whether children with special educational needs are not only enrolled, but also meaningfully engaged in learning.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

educazione

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences

Description

Educazione: Journal of Education and Learning is a medium of communication for researchers, academicians, and practitioners that provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal, which is examined empirically in the areas of learning, ...