Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan

Correlation Between Total Cholesterol, HDL, and Non-HDL Cholesterol with Apolipoprotein B in Hyperlipidemia Patients

Laily Shofiyah (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Maria Galuh Kamenyangan Sari (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Novianto Adi Nugroho (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Adji Suwandono (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Niken Dyah Aryani Kuncorowati (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Risalina Myrtha (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Hendrastutik Apriningsih (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Nurhasan Agung Prabowo (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Tonang Dwi Ardyanto (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)
Frieska Dyanneza (Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
03 Jul 2026

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Among the available laboratory markers, non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B have attracted considerable attention as more informative measures of the true atherogenic burden carried by a patient’s blood. 51 hyperlipidemia patients were recruited sequentially for our cross-sectional study at the Clinical Laboratory of UNS Hospital, Sukoharjo. A power calculation for correlation studies (α = 0.05, power = 80%) was used to estimate the sample size. A TMS 30i analyser was used to quantify total cholesterol, HDL, and apo B; non-HDL cholesterol was calculated by subtraction. For every association, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Fisher's z-transformation. There was a high and positive correlation between total cholesterol and apo B (r = 0.881, 95% CI: 0.803–0.932, p < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between HDL cholesterol and apo B (r = 0.082, 95% CI: −0.196 to 0.349, p = 0.566). Apo B and non-HDL cholesterol had the highest correlation by far (r = 0.938, 95% CI: 0.896–0.963, p < 0.001). In hyperlipidemic, non-HDL cholesterol followed apo B more accurately than any other parameter, supporting its usage as a useful, affordable substitute for apo B in situations when direct measurement is not possible. To strengthen these relationships, larger, prospective, multi-center studies that account for important variables are required.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

gelinkes

Publisher

Subject

Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Public Health

Description

Jurnal GEMA Lingkungan Kesehatan [e-ISSN: 2407-8948 | DOI: 10.36568] is a journal aims to be a leading peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on environmental health or public health as well as ...