Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is an important obstetric complication that contributes to increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal factors, including occupation and a history of vaginal discharge, have been suggested to be associated with PROM; however, existing evidence remains inconsistent. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal occupation, a history of vaginal discharge, and the occurrence of PROM at Paniai Regional General Hospital. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 101 women who delivered in August 2024 using a total sampling technique. Data were collected from medical records using an observation checklist and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. Most participants were aged 20–35 years (61.4%), had completed senior high school (55.4%), and were homemakers (64.4%). Overall, 77.2% experienced PROM, while 38.6% had a history of vaginal discharge. Significant associations were identified between maternal occupation and PROM (p = 0.007), as well as between a history of vaginal discharge and PROM (p < 0.001). Maternal occupation and a history of vaginal discharge may be considered during antenatal risk assessment to support the early identification and prevention of PROM.
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