Journal of Educational Sciences
Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences

Application of the Reframing Technique to Improve the Self-Confidence of Students Who Experienced Bullying

Dia Doraliana Samori (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Tadulako, Palu 94119, Indonesia)
Ikhlas Rasido (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Tadulako, Palu 94119, Indonesia)
Hasan Hasan (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Tadulako, Palu 94119, Indonesia)
Nur Eka Wahyuningsih Riyadi (Department of Guidance and Counseling, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Tadulako, Palu 94119, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
15 Jul 2026

Abstract

Bullying remains a serious problem in schools because it negatively affects students' psychological well-being, particularly their self-confidence. Students who experience bullying often develop negative self-perceptions, become reluctant to express their opinions, and encounter difficulties in social interactions. Therefore, effective counseling interventions are needed to help students reconstruct more positive perspectives about themselves. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of group counseling using the reframing technique in improving the self-confidence of eighth-grade students who experienced bullying at SMP Negeri 14 Palu. This study employed Guidance and Counseling Action Research (PTBK) involving six students selected through purposive sampling. The research was conducted in two action cycles consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and a self-confidence questionnaire, and were analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches. The findings demonstrated a consistent improvement in students' self-confidence throughout the intervention. The average self-confidence percentage increased from 39.17% during the pre-cycle to 57.67% in Cycle I and reached 73.17% in Cycle II. These findings indicate that group counseling using the reframing technique effectively improved students' self-confidence and can be considered an appropriate counseling intervention for students who experience bullying.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JES

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Education Library & Information Science Other

Description

JES publishes original articles on the latest issues and trends occurring regionally and internationally in the educational sciences with the aim to advance our knowledge both in term of theory and practice. Moreover, this journal also covers the issues concerned with the following special sections: ...