Jurnal As-Salam
Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal As-Salam

SEEING ANGELS (RU'YAT AL-MALA'IKAT) FOR NON-PROPHETS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS OF KASHF AND KARAMAH IN THE THOUGHT OF IBN HAJAR AL-HAITAMI AND AL-GHAZALI

Ali Yusuf Muzaki (Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)
Muhammad Fatkhun Niam (Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)
Muhammad Syafiiq (Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)
Agus Salim (Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)
Muh. Fatihuddin (Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)
Nur Hanan (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
21 Jul 2026

Abstract

This study examines the discourse on the possibility of seeing angels by non-prophets from the perspectives of hadith and Islamic theology, focusing on the views of Ibn Hajar al-Haitami in Fatawa Hadithiyyah and their comparison with al-Ghazali's Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din. The study is motivated by the emergence of various claims of spiritual experiences in society that require scholarly clarification based on the Islamic intellectual tradition. This research employed a qualitative library research design using a descriptive-comparative approach. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources and analyzed through the stages of description, comparison, and interpretation. The findings indicate that both Ibn Hajar al-Haitami and al-Ghazali affirm that seeing angels by non-prophets is possible (mumkin) and falls within the category of saintly miracles (karamah). However, they differ in their approaches. Ibn Hajar emphasizes divine will within a hadith-theological framework, whereas al-Ghazali highlights inner spiritual purification through the concept of kashf within a Sufi paradigm. The study concludes that such experiences do not contradict Islamic theology as long as they are understood within proper theological boundaries, while providing a scholarly framework for evaluating contemporary spiritual claims in Muslim society.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JAS

Publisher

Subject

Education Mathematics Social Sciences Other

Description

Junal As-Salam merupakan jurnal publikasi ilmiah dari Asosiasi Dosen Perguruan Tinggi Islam di Provinsi Aceh, diterbitkan secara paper-based pada tahun 2016 dan diterbitkan secara online sejak tahun 2017. Jurnal As-Salam dan diterbitkan 3 (tiga) bulanan (Januari-April, Mei-Agustus, ...