Development of a four-tier gamified diagnostic test to identify students' misconceptions in Ejaan Yang Disempurnakan (Eyd) V

Moh. Faridl Darmawan Faridl (Universitas KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah, Jombang)
Faisol Hidayatulloh Faisol (Universitas KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah, Jombang)
Afif Kholisun Nashoih (Universitas KH. A. Wahab Hasbullah, Jombang)

Ghancaran: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): In Progress

This study aimed to develop an evaluation instrument based on the Four-Tier Gamified Diagnostic Test (FT-GDT) to identify students’ misconceptions regarding the General Guidelines for Indonesian Spelling (PUEBI). The instrument consisted of 25 multiple-choice items with five answer options for the first and third tiers, and two confidence options (“confident” and “not confident”) for the second and fourth tiers, producing 100 items in total. The development employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach adapted from Borg and Gall. Expert validation indicated high feasibility, with average scores of 86.7% from subject matter experts and 88.3% from media experts. Empirical validity testing showed that most items met the required criteria (r ≥ 0.254), while reliability testing with 40 students produced a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.87, indicating strong internal consistency. Misconception analysis revealed that students’ misconceptions ranged from 17.5% to 45%, with many students expressing high confidence in incorrect answers. These findings demonstrate that the misconceptions were conceptual rather than merely technical errors. Overall, the FT-GDT instrument proved effective in identifying misconceptions in PUEBI learning, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic and formative evaluation tool in higher education.