<![CDATA[The lack of reliable and affordable emergency communication technologies often constrains maritime safety for traditional fishing vessels in Indonesia. This paper presents a multinode maritime emergency communication system that integrates Haversine-based GPS positioning with LoRa-enabled multi-hop networking. The proposed system provides automated SOS generation, adaptive routing based on vessel proximity, and real-time data visualization through a cloud-based monitoring dashboard for harbor authorities. The hardware architecture incorporates GPS, gyroscope, magnetometer, water level, and temperature sensors, as well as an ESP32 microcontroller, enabling low-power and long-range communication tailored for small-scale fisheries. Field experiments conducted with traditional fishing vessels validated the system’s performance, achieving 0% packet loss, a stable average RSSI of –90 dBm, and consistent end-to-end delays of 8–13 seconds across all multi-hop SOS transmissions. Compared with conventional single-hop LoRa deployments, the proposed framework enhances coverage, resilience, and adaptability in dynamic maritime environments. These results confirm the system’s feasibility as a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and scalable solution for improving safety and emergency response in traditional fishing operations.]]>
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