Pemanfaatan Teknologi Wearable untuk Analisis Biomekanika dan Risiko Ergonomi Pekerja: Tinjauan Sistematis dengan Fokus pada Tenaga Kesehatan

Hasyim, Hasyim
Hasmyati, Hasmyati

Multi Discere Journal
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): May

Pekerja dengan aktivitas fisik tinggi, termasuk tenaga kesehatan, berisiko mengalami gangguan otot dan rangka atau musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Risiko ini dapat muncul karena postur kerja yang kurang ergonomis, gerakan berulang, serta beban kerja yang tinggi. Perkembangan wearable technology membuka peluang untuk membantu pemantauan postur, gerakan tubuh, aktivitas otot, dan kelelahan kerja secara lebih objektif dan real-time. Penelitian ini merupakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA. Artikel ditelusuri melalui Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan IEEE Xplore pada Januari–Maret 2026, dengan fokus publikasi tahun 2020–2025. Dari 192 artikel awal, 18 artikel memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa IMU, sEMG, motion capture, biofeedback sensor, dan exoskeleton banyak digunakan dalam analisis biomekanika dan risiko ergonomi. Wearable technology berpotensi melengkapi metode ergonomi konvensional, tetapi efektivitasnya dalam menurunkan MSDs masih memerlukan bukti empiris yang lebih kuat.   Utilization of Wearable Technology for Biomechanical and Ergonomic Risk Analysis of Workers: A Systematic Review with a Focus on Healthcare Workers Abstract Workers with high levels of physical activity, including healthcare workers, are at risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This risk may arise from non-ergonomic working postures, repetitive movements, and high workload demands. The development of wearable technology offers opportunities to support the monitoring of posture, body movement, muscle activity, and work-related fatigue in a more objective and real-time manner. This study is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA approach. Articles were searched through Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore from January to March 2026, focusing on publications from 2020 to 2025. Of the 192 articles initially identified, 18 articles met the criteria and were analyzed. The findings show that IMU, sEMG, motion capture, biofeedback sensors, and exoskeletons are widely used in biomechanical analysis and ergonomic risk assessment. Wearable technology has the potential to complement conventional ergonomic methods, although its effectiveness in reducing MSDs still requires stronger empirical evidence.