Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): December 2025

Group Counseling through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Cognitive Restructuring Technique for Self-Esteem Enhancement of Bullying Victims

Malya Milawati (Universitas Negeri Semarang)
Awalya Awalya (Universitas Negeri Semarang)
Siti Nuzulia (Universitas Negeri Semarang)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Dec 2025

Abstract

Students with high self-esteem possess a positive self-concept and a confidence to navigate psychological and social challenges as part of their developmental process. However, victims of bullying tend to exhibit low self-esteem, characterized by feelings of worthlessness, pervasive self-doubt, and the emergence of maladaptive negative thought patterns. Consequently, this study aimed to enhance the self-esteem of bullying victims through a group counseling intervention utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a focus on cognitive restructuring technique. The research employed a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test-post-test design, involving two phases of measurement (pre and post-test). Six students identified as having low self-esteem were selected as participants. The analysis revealed a notable improvement in self-esteem based on the different test results before and after the intervention. Specifically, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrated a significant increase from pre-test to post-test scores. Overall, group counseling utilizing cognitive restructuring proved effective in assisting bullying victims to foster more positive self-perceptions that elevate their self-esteem. These findings provide a theoretical and practical basis for school counselors to implement cognitive restructuring as a primary intervention for supporting students who have experienced bullying.    

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jbk

Publisher

Subject

Other

Description

Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling publishes research articles and conceptual analysis of guidance and counseling both in schools and out of school education that includes the study of guidance counseling, management, and counseling application approaches, innovation, media / information ...