Phytochemical screening and biological activities of pakoba (Syzygium luzonense) stem bark ethanol extract

Mario Walean (Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Prisma. Jl. Pomorow No.113, Tikala Baru, Manado 95126, North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
ROSTINA MELPIN (Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Prisma. Jl. Pomorow No. 113, Tikala Baru, Manado 95126, North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
MERVINA RONDONUWU (Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Prisma. Jl. Pomorow No. 113, Tikala Baru, Manado 95126, North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
KINZIE FELICIANO PINONTOAN (Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Prisma. Jl. Pomorow No. 113, Tikala Baru, Manado 95126, North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
Hendra Pratama Maliangkay (Pharmacy Program, Universitas Trinita. Jl. Malalayang Satu Barat, Manado 95163, North Sulawesi, Indonesia)
MELI ASTRIANI (Departement of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. Jl. Jend. Ahmad Yani 13 Ulu, Palembang 30116, South Sumatra, Indonesia)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 21 No. 6 (2020)

Abstract. Walean M, Melpin R, Rondonuwu M, Pinontoan KF, Maliangkay HP, Astriani M. 2020. Phytochemical screening and biological activities of pakoba (Syzygium luzonense) stem bark ethanol extract. Biodiversitas 21: 2377-2382. Pakoba (Syzygium luzonense (Merr.) Merr) as an endemic and ethnomedical plant of North Sulawesi was investigated for its phytochemical constituents and biological activities. The presence of phytochemicals constituents, antibacterial, antioxidant activities, and antihyperglycemic of pakoba stem bark ethanolic extract (PSBEE) were also investigated. Pakoba stem bark was extracted using ethanol. The extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using the Kirby Bauer method, whereas antioxidant activity was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats investigation was used to determine the antihyperglycemic activity. The phytochemical analysis revealed that tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids were present in PSBEE. PSBEE has potent antioxidant activity with antioxidant activity index = 1.02. PSBEE significantly reduced the blood sugar of hyperglycemic rats with an optimum dose of 300 mg/kgbw. In this study, PSBEE has weak antibacterial activity against in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.