Species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District, East Java, Indonesia

YOGO SETIAWAN (Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
FADEL MUHAMMAD HAMDOEN (Agricultural Entomology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
FAIZ NASHIRUDDIN MUHAMMAD (Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
KUNIHIKO HATA (Laboratory of Forest Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University. 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan)
HAGUS TARNO (Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia)
JIANGUO WANG (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 25 No. 1 (2024)

Abstract. Setiawan Y, Hamdoen FM, Muhammad FN, Hata K, Tarno H, Wang J. 2024. Species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 305-311. Bactrocera Macquart, 1835 fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are among the most important pests in horticultural commodities worldwide, including horticultural crops in Indonesia. Trapping is suggested to control, eradicate, and suppress fruit flies. The presence of natural enemies is a very important factor in the indicators of agroecosystem balance. This study aimed to monitor the species composition of Bactrocera fruit flies and their parasitoids in several horticultural commodities such as apples, large chili, red guava, sweet citrus, and tomatoes in Batu City and Malang District. Trapping and host-rearing methods were used in this research. A total of 7,124 individuals of Bactrocera were collected using a Steiner trap baited with methyl eugenol. They consisted of six species: Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994; Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett, 1899); Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912); Bactrocera verbascifoliae Drew & Hancock, 1994; Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, 1994; and Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius, 1805). The B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, and B. papayae were the three predominant species collected using Steiner traps baited with methyl eugenol. Based on the host-rearing method, B. carambolae and B. dorsalis were found in red guava fruit. Only one parasitoid species, Opius sp., was found in red guava fruit. These results provide valuable insights into the distribution of Bactrocera on horticultural commodities in Batu City and Malang District and the potential challenges regarding parasitoid presence.