The Indonesian Journal of Social Studies
Vol 9 No 1 (2026): July

ECOTOURISM, SOCIAL INEQUALITY, AND PERCEPTUAL GAPS:: A STUDY OF CONSERVATION AND LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AT DLUNDUNG WATERFALL

Alfa Maziyyata Diyni (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Fadiah Hanim Maulidah (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Budairil Munir Al Bustomi (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Handika Pratama (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Yasmin Fara Dila (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)
Silvi Nur Afifah (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)



Article Info

Publish Date
01 Aug 2026

Abstract

 This study aims to analyze the influence of ecotourism potential at Dlundung Waterfall on nature conservation and local economic development in Ketapanrame Village, Trawas, Mojokerto. A quantitative associative approach was employed using quota sampling, involving 60 local residents and 40 tourists. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using simple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination. The results indicate that ecotourism potential has a significant positive effect on nature conservation according to both residents (R² = 0.333; F = 18.971) and tourists (R² = 0.358; F = 32.336). However, ecotourism potential does not significantly affect local economic development based on residents’ perception (R² = 0.040; F = 1.571), while tourists perceive a significant but weak relationship (R² = 0.067; F = 4.198). These findings reveal a statistically confirmed perceptual gap (Fisher’s z = −2.21, p = .027) indicating unequal distribution of economic benefits. This study concludes that ecotourism success should be measured not only by environmental outcomes but also by equitable economic benefits for local communities. Practically, these findings suggest that the management of Dlundung Waterfall ecotourism needs to shift toward a more participatory model: Perum Perhutani and the Ketapanrame Village Government should establish a formal community co-management mechanism that expands residents’ roles beyond labor into profit-sharing, business licensing, and joint decision-making, so that the economic gains already visible to tourists are also meaningfully experienced by the local community.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jpips

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

Description

The Indonesian Journal of Social Studies was founded in 2018 in order to offer the disciplines in the field of social science education a representative scholarly publication. The journal represents a sophisticated image that is characterised by its theory and research orientation, interdisciplinary ...