<![CDATA[The integration of multimedia in secondary education promises increased attention and comprehension, yet classroom practice is often hindered by infrastructure readiness and educators' ICT competence. This research aims to: (1) map patterns of multimedia use by teachers; (2) identify barriers and institutional support; (3) assess students' attitudes and experiences toward multimedia-based learning; and (4) formulate recommendations for improving practice. A mixed methods approach was used through structured interviews with 53 teachers from 52 schools (total 424 response segments) and a 10-item Likert questionnaire with 49 students. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically (keyword/theme extraction), while quantitative data were analyzed descriptively; questionnaire reliability was calculated using Cronbach's ?. Results show the dominant theme of platforms (61.1%) with WhatsApp, video, and PowerPoint most frequently mentioned followed by benefits (47.9%), barriers (27.6%), and support (21.2%). Major barriers include device availability, internet access, and technical disruptions. Student attitudes were positive: composite mean 4.09 (SD 0.47) after reversing negative items; reliability ? = 0.76 (adequate). Pedagogically, teacher practices are primarily at the Substitution-Augmentation level (SAMR), which enhances presentation and material distribution; transformation of tasks toward Modification/Redefinition remains limited. Main recommendations include designing student product-based tasks, offline-first strategies, TPACK-based micro-PD, infrastructure standards and troubleshooting SOPs, and targeted content curation.]]>
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