<![CDATA[This study aims to synthesize literature regarding the utilization, effectiveness, and challenges of integrating information and communication technology, including artificial intelligence, as learning media for university students. This literature review employs a thematic synthesis approach on 8 primary articles rigorously selected from 32 initial records through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data analysis technique focuses on extracting central themes, identifying inconsistent findings, and mapping research gaps. The analysis reveals a paradoxical pattern in digital media utilization. On one hand, digital platforms and artificial intelligence tools significantly enhance information acquisition efficiency, digital literacy, and students' cognitive outcomes within blended learning ecosystems. Conversely, the rapid adoption of these technologies introduces substantial ethical and operational challenges, such as increased academic misconduct, algorithmic over-reliance, and learning distraction. A prominent research gap exists regarding comprehensive evaluation frameworks that measure the long-term impact of autonomous technology on students' analytical independence. In conclusion, the effectiveness of digital learning media depends not solely on technological infrastructure availability but requires progressive pedagogical designs prioritizing critical digital literacy and academic integrity to optimize the transformative potential in higher education.]]>
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