<![CDATA[Women's leadership in higher education has emerged as a pivotal area of scholarly inquiry, particularly within Islamic educational institutions confronting multifaceted organisational conflicts and institutional complexity. This study investigates the distinctive characteristics of Muslim women's leadership in higher education and examines their role in conflict resolution and organisational management. Employing a qualitative content analysis methodology, data were systematically drawn from 65 peer-reviewed articles retrieved from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases, published between 2018 and 2026. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify recurring patterns, constructs, and leadership dispositions across the extant literature. Findings reveal five core characteristics of Muslim women's leadership: emotional intelligence, collaborative approach, effective communication, strong resilience, and the capacity to empower others. These characteristics, analysed through the integrated lens of trait theory and transformational leadership frameworks, collectively contribute to more inclusive decision-making processes, strengthened organisational cohesion, and enhanced conflict management within higher education settings. The study advances theoretical understanding of gendered leadership in Islamic educational contexts and offers practical insights for institutional policy and leadership development programmes. Future research should incorporate empirical, mixed-methods approaches to validate and extend these findings across diverse organisational and cultural contexts.]]>
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