International Journal of Educational Qualitative Quantitative Research
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026)

Eco-Friendly Pedagogy: Utilizing Recycled Materials in Stamping Activities to Foster Pre-Writing Skills in Toddlers

Ifah Nurrohmah (Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon)
Aip Syarifudin (Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon)
Irfan Fauzi Rahmat (Universitas Muhammadiyah Cirebon)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Jul 2026

Abstract

Pre-writing readiness in toddlers aged 2.5 to 3 years requires fine sensory-motor integration, yet conventional early childhood instruction heavily relies on abstract paper-and-pencil worksheets that frequently induce motor fatigue and disinterest. Grounded in Gibson's Affordance Theory and Eco-Friendly Pedagogy, this study evaluated the efficacy of a two-dimensional stamping intervention utilizing upcycled loose-part materials to foster graphic-motor readiness in early childhood classrooms. Employing a Practitioner-Led Action Research design embedded within a Design-Based Research framework across two cycles, the investigation involved a purposive sample of 14 toddlers aged 2.5 to 3 years at an early childhood learning center. Data were collected using a validated Graphic-Motor Readiness Rubric and analyzed using non-parametric statistics, with inter-rater reliability confirmed by Cohen's Kappa (k = 0.86). Quantitative findings demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in graphic-motor skills, with the overall median score progressing from 1.50 at baseline (IQR = 0.50) to 2.60 in Cycle II (IQR = 0.50), achieving a 65.1 percent target mastery rate. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Testing confirmed significant cumulative performance gains (Z = -3.32, p = 0.001) accompanied by an exceptionally large effect size (r = 0.89). Qualitative observations revealed a dramatic surge in behavioral task persistence, expanding from an average of less than 4 minutes during worksheet tasks to 18 to 22 minutes per eco-stamping session. Upcycled materials functioned as active sensorimotor catalysts whose tactile affordances elicited adaptive digital grasp mechanics and dynamic force regulation. This study provides a cost-effective, sustainable pedagogical model for replacing abstract worksheets with tactile loose-part experiences in early childhood education.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijeqqr

Publisher

Subject

Education Other

Description

International Journal of Educational Qualitative Quantitative Research (IJE-QQR) is an internationally recognized journal in the field of education. The aim of this journal is to publish high quality studies in the areas of learning, teaching, curriculum development, learning environments, teacher ...