<![CDATA[This study examines the effects of Green Digital Transformation Capability (GDTC) on Sustainable Organizational Performance (SOP) in higher education through Green Digital Innovation (GDI), while assessing Data-Driven Culture (DDC) as a moderating condition. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 lecturers and educational staff at higher education institutions in Makassar City, Indonesia, from 1 to 14 April 2026. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 and 5,000 bootstrap subsamples. The measurement model demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity (outer loadings = 0.738-0.868; composite reliability = 0.923-0.938; AVE = 0.624-0.689; HTMT = 0.182-0.659). GDTC positively affected GDI (beta = 0.443; p < 0.001) and SOP (beta = 0.302; p < 0.001), while GDI positively affected SOP (beta = 0.372; p < 0.001). DDC positively affected GDI (beta = 0.234; p < 0.001) and SOP (beta = 0.274; p < 0.001). GDI partially mediated the GDTC-SOP relationship (beta = 0.165; p < 0.001), and DDC strengthened the GDTC-GDI relationship (beta = 0.388; p < 0.001). The model explained 42.7% of GDI and 50.4% of SOP variance. The findings extend digital sustainability research by demonstrating a capability-innovation-performance mechanism and identifying data-driven culture as a boundary condition in higher education.]]>
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