This study aims to examine the relationship between critical thinking skills and numeracy literacy with the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students of Kedawon State Elementary School. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlation design. The population was 29 fifth-grade students and a saturated sampling technique was used so that the entire population became the sample. Data collection was carried out through a critical thinking skills questionnaire, a numeracy literacy essay test, and a multiple-choice learning outcome test. The instruments had been tested for validity and reliability before use. Data analysis techniques included descriptive statistics, normality tests, linearity tests, multicollinearity tests, partial t-tests, F-tests, and coefficients of determination. The results of the study showed that: (1) there is a positive and significant relationship between critical thinking skills and learning outcomes with a significance value of 0.022 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.424; (2) there is a positive and significant relationship between numeracy literacy and learning outcomes with a significance value of 0.004 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.519; (3) There is a significant simultaneous relationship between critical thinking skills and numeracy literacy with learning outcomes with a significance value of the F test of 0.002 (p <0.05) and a coefficient of determination of 0.389, which means a simultaneous contribution of 38.9%. Thus, critical thinking skills and numeracy literacy are important factors in improving students' mathematics learning outcomes.
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