The decision to promote students to a higher grade in elementary school, especially for students who have not yet mastered reading, writing, and arithmetic, lies at the intersection of pedagogical principles and external pressures. Limited facilities also influence student learning outcomes, particularly in mastering basic skills such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. This research method uses qualitative research, a type of research that focuses on the human aspect, where individuals are considered central to social events. Parental pressure influences the dynamics of promotion decisions, but schools continue to strive to maintain professionalism and academic standards for the benefit of students' ongoing learning development.
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