JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): April 2026

PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO, TINGKAT PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA DAN UPAH MINIMUM TERHADAP NILAI TUKAR PETANI DI INDONESIA

Fauzi Arifin (Universitas Asahan)
Heni Widiya (Universitas Asahan)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Apr 2026

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Minimum Wage on the Farmers' Terms of Trade (FTT) in Indonesia. Changes in regional economic conditions, employment, and wage policies are expected to influence the welfare level of farmers in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the partial and simultaneous effects of the independent variables on the Farmers' Terms of Trade. This research employed a panel data regression approach. The data used are secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), consisting of data from 34 provinces in Indonesia during the period 2022–2025. Data analysis was carried out using EViews 10 software. The results showed that partially, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) has a positive and significant effect on the Farmers' Terms of Trade with a tcount value of 2.267584 and a significance value of 0.0255 < 0.05. The Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) does not have a significant effect on the Farmers' Terms of Trade with a tcount value of -0.893981 and a significance value of 0.3735 > 0.05. Meanwhile, Minimum Wage has a negative and significant effect on the Farmers' Terms of Trade with a tcount value of -3.201590 and a significance value of 0.0018 < 0.05. Simultaneously, GRDP, LFPR, and Minimum Wage have a significant effect on the Farmers' Terms of Trade with an Fcount value of 16.04438 and a probability value of 0.000000 < 0.05. The Adjusted R Square value is 0.800472, which means that 80.04% of the variation in the Farmers' Terms of Trade can be explained by GRDP, LFPR, and Minimum Wage, while the remaining 19.96% is influenced by other variables outside the research model. Keywords: Gross Regional Domestic Product, Labor Force Participation Rate, Minimum Wage, Farmers' Terms of Trade   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh PDRB, TPAK) dan Upah Minimum terhadap NTP di Indonesia. Perubahan kondisi ekonomi daerah, ketenagakerjaan, dan kebijakan upah diduga dapat memengaruhi tingkat kesejahteraan petani di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh masing-masing variabel independen baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan regresi data panel. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) berupa data 34 provinsi di Indonesia selama periode 2022–2025. Teknik analisis data dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Eviews 10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Produk Domestik Regional Bruto berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani dengan nilai thitung sebesar 2.267584 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.0255. Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani dengan nilai thitung sebesar -0.893981 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.3735. Sementara itu, Upah Minimum berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani dengan nilai thitung sebesar -3.201590 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.0018. Secara simultan, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja, dan Upah Minimum berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani dengan nilai Fhitung sebesar 16.04438 dan probabilitas sebesar 0.000000. Nilai Adjusted R-Square sebesar 0.800472 menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen dalam penelitian ini mampu menjelaskan variabel dependen sebesar 80,04%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 19,96% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar penelitian. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kebijakan upah memiliki pengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan petani yang tercermin melalui Nilai Tukar Petani di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja, Upah Minimum, Nilai Tukar Petani, Regresi Data Panel

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JSSR

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

Description

Journal of Science and Social Research is accepts research works from academicians in their respective expertise of studies. Journal of Science and Social Research is platform to disclose the research abilities and promote quality and excellence of young researchers and experienced thoughts towards ...