<![CDATA[Advances in information technology have brought significant benefits to society, but they have also increased the risk of cybercrime, such as the theft of personal data, online fraud, and the hacking of electronic systems. This situation raises legal issues, particularly regarding the criminal liability of perpetrators. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the criminal liability of cybercrime perpetrators in Indonesia, as well as the obstacles to its enforcement. The method used is a normative legal approach based on legislation and case law. The results of the study indicate that criminal liability for cybercrime is regulated under Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions, along with its amendments. Perpetrators who intentionally and unlawfully commit acts through electronic systems may be subject to criminal sanctions. However, law enforcement is still hampered by limitations in digital evidence, a lack of technological understanding among some law enforcement officials, and difficulties in reaching perpetrators across jurisdictions. Therefore, adaptive regulatory updates and capacity building for law enforcement officials are needed to make the handling of cybercrimes more effective.]]>
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