<![CDATA[The productivity of curly red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) remains relatively low due to suboptimal management of plant growth regulators, particularly gibberellic acid (GA?). Although GA? is known to stimulate vegetative growth and reproductive development, information regarding the effectiveness of different application timings and GA? concentrations in curly red chili is still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of GA? application timing and concentration on the growth and yield of curly red chili and to identify the most effective treatment. The novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive evaluation of the combined effects of GA? application timing and concentration on both vegetative growth and yield components of curly red chili within a single experimental framework. The experiment was conducted from June to September 2025 at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Muria Kudus, using a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was GA? application timing (3, 6, and 8 weeks after transplanting, WAT), while the second factor was GA? concentration (0, 90, 110, and 130 ppm). The results showed that there was no significant interaction between application timing and GA? concentration for most growth and yield parameters. A GA? concentration of 130 ppm produced the best response, increasing plant height to 71.11 cm, leaf number to 147.92 leaves, branch number to 4.56 branches, accelerating flowering to 24.64 days after transplanting (approximately 36.1% earlier than the control), increasing fruit number to 27.22 fruits per plant (approximately 17.1% higher than the control), and producing the highest shoot dry weight of 27.22 g. This study provides further evidence of the physiological responses of curly red chili to different GA? concentrations and application timings. Practically, the findings suggest that the application of 130 ppm GA? can be recommended as an effective cultivation strategy to improve the growth and productivity of curly red chili.]]>
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