<![CDATA[This study analyzes governance, digitalization, and business innovation practices in productive waqf institutions under Islamic mass organizations and national waqf institutions in Indonesia. It also identifies key challenges and proposes an integrated model to strengthen productive waqf management and community economic empowerment. This study employed a multi-site qualitative approach conducted over six months at nine productive waqf institutions. Twenty purposefully selected informants, including nazhirs (religious leaders), institutional leaders, program managers, and business managers, participated in in-depth interviews. Data analysis involved three stages: condensation, display, and conclusion. The findings reveal that effective productive waqf management depends on the integration of three dimensions: good waqf governance, digital waqf management, and sustainable business innovation. Across the nine institutions, productive waqf contributed to community economic empowerment by enhancing economic independence, creating employment, supporting MSME development, and improving social welfare. However, governance weaknesses, uneven digital adoption, and limited business innovation remain significant challenges. Based on the cross-case analysis, this study proposes the Integrative Model of Governance, Digitalization, and Innovation in Productive Waqf Business (MGDI-PW) as a conceptual framework for strengthening productive waqf management. The findings offer practical recommendations for policymakers, the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI), and waqf institutions to improve governance, accelerate digital transformation, and promote sustainable business innovation. This study introduces the MGDI-PW model, which integrates governance, digitalization, and innovation into a unified framework. Whereas previous studies examined these dimensions separately, this model provides a comprehensive perspective on how the integration of the three enhances productive waqf management.]]>
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