<![CDATA[The paper examines affirmative action as a policy instrument to enhance access to education and employment for historically marginalized socioeconomic and political groups, particularly minorities and women, in Indonesia. This research employed a qualitative approach based on a literature review, analytical interpretation, and data construction using NVivo software. The findings indicated that the Semarang City and Bantul Regency Governments have implemented a division of responsibilities among agencies to facilitate public services for vulnerable groups, including persons with disabilities. However, the effectiveness of implementation is constrained by low levels of education and limited accessibility to technology. This research contributes to the discourse on digital governance and inclusion, demonstrating that affirmative action in the contemporary era must integrate digital accessibility as a core dimension, thereby expanding traditional frameworks toward a more technology-inclusive model of social equity policy. To address these challenges, the government has introduced various initiatives to improve accessibility and enhance the quality of life for people with disabilities.]]>
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