<![CDATA[The Indonesian oil palm plantation industry relies heavily on labor-intensive operations, yet workforce management continues to face persistent challenges related to equitable compensation, worker welfare, human resource development, and the determination of appropriate labor requirements across different plantation stages. This study aims to examine how compensation systems, workforce development programs, and labor-to-hectare planning collectively support effective labor management in oil palm plantations. A descriptive qualitative approach employing a literature review was adopted by synthesizing secondary data from scientific publications, government regulations, and official reports published between 2022 and 2026. The collected literature was analyzed using descriptive content analysis to identify recurring patterns and integrate evidence from multiple sources. The findings indicate that compensation in oil palm plantations includes direct financial, indirect financial, and non-financial benefits; however, Casual Daily Workers remain the most vulnerable group because of limited employment protection and social security coverage. The analysis also reveals that labor requirements differ across plantation growth phases and are influenced by plantation characteristics, topography, planting density, and mechanization levels. These findings highlight that integrating fair compensation, continuous workforce development, and evidence-based labor planning can improve workforce efficiency while supporting sustainable plantation management and strengthening long-term labor productivity.]]>
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