<![CDATA[The rapid development of technology in the digital era demands a transformation in education, where students are expected to not only be proficient in using digital devices but also possess structured reasoning skills to optimize their academic achievements. This study aims to analyse the partial and simultaneous effects of Digital Literacy (X1), Achievement Motivation (X2), and Collaboration (X3) on increasing students' learning outcomes (N-Gain Score / Y). The research method employed is a quantitative experiment involving a sample of 68 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires for the independent variables and test instruments (Pre-test and Post-test) to measure the dependent variable. Data analysis was performed using Stata software through multiple linear regression and classical assumption testing.The partial results (t-test) indicate that: (1) Digital Literacy (X1) has a positive and significant effect on learning outcomes (t = 3.19; p = 0.002); (2) Achievement Motivation (X2) has a positive and significant effect on learning outcomes (t = 2.52; p = 0.014); and (3) Collaboration (X3) has a positive and significant effect on learning outcomes (t = 2.21; p = 0.031). Furthermore, the simultaneous test (F-test) proves that Digital Literacy, Achievement Motivation, and Collaboration collectively exert a highly robust and significant influence on the improvement of students' learning outcomes (F = 24.85; p = 0.0000). The R-Square value of 0.5382 indicates that the combined contribution of these three variables explains 53.82% of the variance in students' N-Gain Scores, while the remaining 46.18% is influenced by other factors outside this research model]]>
Copyrights © 2026
