<![CDATA[Smoking among adolescents remained a major public health concern, particularly with the increasing use of conventional cigarettes and electronic cigarettes. This study examined the associations of father's perceived parenting style, problematic social media use, peer conformity, and self-control with smoking behavior among adolescent smokers. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 116 adolescent smokers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling. Father's perceived parenting style was positively associated with problematic social media use but negatively associated with self-control. Problematic social media use was positively associated with peer conformity and indirectly associated with smoking behavior through peer conformity. Peer conformity showed a positive association with smoking behavior, whereas self-control was not significantly associated with smoking behavior. These findings suggested that family and social factors were more strongly associated with variation in smoking behavior among adolescents who already reported smoking experience than individual self-control. The findings may inform family-based and peer-oriented support and prevention strategies for adolescents who smoke, but they should not be interpreted as evidence about smoking initiation in the general adolescent population.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
