<![CDATA[Harsh parenting among pseudo-single mothers represents an important family issue because limited partner involvement in childcare may increase parenting demands and psychological burdens. This study aimed to examine the roles of social support, emotion regulation, and parenting stress in explaining harsh parenting among working mothers experiencing pseudo-single parenting conditions. A quantitative explanatory cross-sectional design was conducted involving working mothers who met the criteria for pseudo-single parenting. Data were collected using validated instruments measuring social support, emotion regulation, parenting stress, and harsh parenting, and were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings showed that social support contributed significantly to emotion regulation through cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies. However, social support did not directly reduce parenting stress but influenced parenting stress through emotion regulation mechanisms. Emotion regulation was associated with lower parenting stress, whereas parenting stress was related to increased harsh parenting tendencies. These findings highlight that psychological mechanisms play an important role in explaining parenting outcomes among pseudo-single mothers. Strengthening social support networks and enhancing emotion regulation capacity may provide important strategies to help mothers manage parenting stress and promote adaptive parenting practices.]]>
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