<![CDATA[Background: Menopause decreases estrogen, leading to symptoms and osteoporosis risk. Hormone replacement therapy has side effects, prompting safer alternatives such as phytoestrogens. Moringa oleifera leaves, rich in estrogen-like flavonoids, may improve bone health.Objectives: To investigate the dose-dependent effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on serum osteocalcin levels in ovariectomized rats as a menopausal model.Methods: A 96% ethanol extract of Moringa leaf powder was obtained via repeated maceration, concentrated using a rotary evaporator, and administered orally by gavage. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups: negative control, positive control, and three treatment groups receiving 100, 200, or 400 mg/kgBW/day of extract for two months post-ovariectomy. Serum osteocalcin was measured by ELISA.Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant overall differences among groups (p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis showed that the 400 mg/kgBW group had significantly higher osteocalcin levels compared to the positive control (p < 0.001) and the 100 mg/kgBW group (p = 0.015), while the 100 mg/kgBW group did not differ significantly from the positive control (p = 1.000). Spearman correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between dosage and osteocalcin levels (r = 0.630; p = 0.001), indicating a dose-dependent relationship.Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf extract increased serum osteocalcin levels in ovariectomized Wistar rats, with the highest dose producing the most pronounced effect. However, the lack of a consistent dose-response pattern suggests a non-linear relationship, warranting further studies with larger sample sizes and mechanistic markers to determine the optimal dose and confirm the underlying mechanisms.]]>
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